Journal of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation

 

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Journal of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation, Vol. 10, No. 1, 27-31 (2003)
DOI: 10.1177/107155760301000106

Hormonal Characteristics in the Early Luteal Phase of Conceptive and Nonconceptive Menstrual Cycles

Jiangang chen, MD

Qin Qiu, MS

Pete N. Lohstroh, BS

James W. Overstreet, MD, PhD

Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, Davis, California; Division of Maternal-Fetal medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ottawa/The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Bill L. Lasley, PhD

Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, Davis, California; Division of Maternal-Fetal medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ottawa/The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Center for Health and the Environment, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616-8739 bllasley{at}ucdavis.edu

Objective: To determine whether serum hormone profiles are different in nonconceptive and conceptive menstrual cycles after ovulation and before implantation.

Methods: Daily blood samples obtained during the luteal phase of nonconceptive cycles (n = 31) and conceptive cycles (n = 19) were analyzed (intersubject comparison). Samples obtained in sequential nonconceptive and conceptive cycles from five subjects (intrasubject comparisons) were analyzed to confirm results obtained with intersubject analysis. Serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol (E2), progesterone, and relaxin were measured by immunoassay. A cell-based bioassy was used to determine whether the measurement of serum immunoreactive LH is a result of cross-reactionwith human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).

Results: Intersubject analysis showed that mean serum LH levels were significantly higher in conceptive cycles on day 4 and day 5 after the FSH peak in urine, and this was confirmed by intrasubject analysis. The addition of antibodies that precipitate hCG did not affect the activity of LH receptor ligand molecules in serum samples collectedduring the early luteal phase of conceptive cycles, as measured by bioassay. In ncontrast, this LH receptor binding activity was completely removed when precipitating antibodies for LH were added. The mean levels of serum E2 were higher in conceptive cycles after day 4 following the FSH peak in urine. The mean values of serum FSH, progesterone, and relaxin were not significantly different in nonconceptive and conceptive cycles during the same time interval.

Conclusion: The differences in luteal phase hormones may reflect alterations in signaling in the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis that begin during the preovulatory period of nonconceptive cycles.

Key Words: Fecundity • hormonal characteristics • serum immunoassay


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