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Association of Lewis Blood Group Phenotype With Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes

Department of Obstetries and Gynecology, and Blood Bank, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel, and the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; drslurie{at}hotmail.com

Zahi Ben-Aroya, MD

Sima Eldar, BS

Oscar Sadan, MD

Department of Obstetries and Gynecology, and Blood Bank, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel, and the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

Objective: To evaluate the distribution of Lewis blood group phenotype and secretor status among women with preterm premature rupture of membranes.

Methods: ABO and Lewis blood group phenotypes were determined in 29 consecutive women with preterm premature rupture of membranes. The control group was composed of 48 women from our database without known history of preterm delivery.

Results: Of the 20 patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes six had blood type A (30%), nine type B (45%), two type AB (10%), three type O (15%), three Le(a^-b⁺) (15%), one Le(a⁺b^-) (5%), and 17 had Le(a^-b^-) (80%). Of the 48 controls, 18 had blood type A (37.5%), 10 type B (20.9%), two type AB (4.1%), 18 type O (37.5%), 37 Le(a^-b⁺) (77.1%), six Le(a⁺b^-) (12.5%), and five had Le(a^-b^-) (10.4%). The difference in the proportions of the A, B, AB, and O phenotypes between the groups was of statistically significant. The distribution of ABO and lewis phenotype in the control groups was similar ro that in the general population. The proportion of combined recessive and nonsecretor phenotype Le(a^+/-b^-) between patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes (17 of 20, 85%) and controls (11 of 48, 22.9%) was statistically significant (P < .001).

Conclusions: Women with the Le(a^-b⁺) phenotype who do secrete Le^b antigen may have a protective effects against preterm premature rupture of membranes.

Key Words: Blood group • Lewis phenotype • preterm labor • premature rupture of membranes

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