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Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 and -9 Promoter Polymorphisms Are Not Associated With an Increased Risk of Uterine Leiomyomas in a Japanese Population

Shigeki Yoshida, MD, PhD

Stephen Kennedy, MRCOG

Masashi Deguchi, MD, PhD

Noriyuki Ohara, MD, PhD

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

Takeshi Maruo, MD, PhD

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-Cho, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan; maruo{at}kobe-u.ac.jp

Objective: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an important role in modeling and remodeling the extracellular matrix in leiomyomas. Hence, we investigated whether associations exist between leiomyomas and promoter polymorphisms in the MMP-1 and MMP-9 genes in a Japanese population.

Methods: We compared the distribution of polymorphisms in the promoter regions of MMP-1 (- 1607 1G/2G) and MMP-9 (- 1562 C/T) in 267 leiomyoma patients and 184 control patients using polymerase chain reaction-fragment-length polymorphism (PCR-RELP) analysis.

Results: The allele frequencies of the MMP-1 - 1607 2G and MMP-9 - 1562 T polymorphisms were 74.6% and 18.6% in leiomyoma patients, and 71.3% and 18.6% in control patients, respectively. No significant differences in allele frequencies or genotype distributions were found between leiomyoma and control patients. Moreover, no associations were found between MMP-1 and MMP-9 genotypes and leimoyoma size or a family history of the condition.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that MMP-1 and MMP-9 promoter polymorphisms are unlikely to be associated with an increased risk of uterine leiomyoms in Japanese women.

Key Words: Leiomyoma • gene polymorphism • polymerase chain reaction • restriction fragment-length polymorphism • matrix metalloproteinases • uterus

Journal of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation, Vol. 13, No. 3, 232-236 (2006)
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsgi.2006.02.004


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