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Female Infertility and Free Radicals: Potential Role in Adhesions and Endometriosis

Ghassan M. Saed, PhD

Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and the C.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan

Michael P. Diamond, MD

3750 Woodward Ave., Suite 200-D, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201 mdiamond{at}med.wayne.edu

Free radicals are highly reactive molecules produced in the cell either as part of, or as end-products of, biochemical reactions that have crucial roles in the homeostasis of the organism. Thus, excess production or impaired elimination of free radicals leads to increased oxidative stress, which has been implicated in the development of several different disease states,m including hypoxia-reperfusion innjury, cancer, and aging. Peritoneal adhesions and endometriosis are relatively commonly identified in women, and are known to be associated with infertility without clearly understood pathophysiology. The prevention and treatment strategies of these conditions, both of which have tremendous propensity to recur, have not been completely established. The development of both disorders has been shown to be closely related to the presence of increased oxidative stress in the tissues. In this article, we review this relationship with reference to the mechanistic steps involved and their regulation. As our knowledge of both conditions expands, we believe there will be opportunities for specific steps to intervention in free radical metabolism to reduce and/or prevent further development of endometriosis and adhesions.

Key Words: Adhesions • endometriosis • free radicals • nitric oxide • fibroblast

Journal of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation, Vol. 13, No. 6, 390-398 (2006)
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsgi.2006.05.002


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