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Reproductive Sciences
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Endometrial Angiogenesis, Vascular Maturation, and Lymphangiogenesis

Peter A. W. Rogers, BSc, PhD

Centre for Women's Health Research, Monash University Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Monash Institute for Medical Research, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia, peter.rogers{at}med.monash.edu.au

Jacqueline F. Donoghue, BSc, MSc

Centre for Women's Health Research, Monash University Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Monash Institute for Medical Research, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia

Lisa M. Walter, BSc, PhD

Centre for Women's Health Research, Monash University Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Monash Institute for Medical Research, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia

Jane E. Girling, BSc, PhD

Centre for Women's Health Research, Monash University Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Monash Institute for Medical Research, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia

Angiogenesis, arteriogenesis or vessel maturation, and lymphangiogenesis comprise a continuum of vascular development, with overlap and interaction between the mechanisms by which they are controlled. These processes are of clinical interest because they play roles in endometrial repair, placental development, and in gynecological disorders including endometrial cancer, endometriosis and abnormal uterine bleeding. Using mouse models we have shown that estrogen can be either proangiogenic or antiangiogenic in endometrium. Progesterone alone is proangiogenic, although this can be moderated by pretreatment with estrogen. Arteriogenesis also increases in response to progesterone, and this effect is not inhibited by estrogen. Lymphatics account for 13% of all vessels in the human functionalis compared to 57% in the basalis. Many of the basalis lymphatic vessels are closely associated with spiral arterioles and this intimate connection may provide a mechanism for paracrine communication between the functionalis and the arteries supplying the endometrium.

Key Words: Endometrium • angiogenesis • lymphangiogenesis • arteriogenesis • vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).

This version was published on February 1, 2009

Reproductive Sciences, Vol. 16, No. 2, 147-151 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/1933719108325509
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