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Journal of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation
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Apoptosis as a Basic Mechanism in the Ovarian Cycle: Folicular Atresia and Luteal Regression

Angela Palumbo, MD

John Yeh, MD

Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts

Objective: We summarized general principles related to apoptosis and reviewed the current evidence regarding apoptosis in the normal ovary during follicular atresia, ovulation, and corpus luteum formation and regression, and regression, and in the polycystic ovary.

Data sources: Published articles and abstracts from national scientific meetings were reviewed.

Data synthesis: Apoptosis is a physiologic type of cell death that may regulate tissue remodeling. In the ovary, apoptosis occurs in atretic follicles, in the ovarian epithelum at the time of ovulation, and in the corpus luteum. Certain apoptosis-related genes are expressed during follicular atresia, which suggests a role for genes in the regulation of apoptosis in the ovary. In a rat model of polycystic ovaries, apoptosis occurs in both atretric follicles and cysts.

Conclusions: Apoptosis is an important physiologic process in the ovary, and abnormalities in this process may lead to pathologic conditions. The study of ovarian apoptosis is still at an early stage, and further research will uncover the steps in this process.

Key Words: Apoptosis • ovary • follicular atresia • corpus luteum • polycystic ovaries

Journal of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation, Vol. 2, No. 3, 565-573 (1995)
DOI: 10.1177/107155769500200310
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