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Journal of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation
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Preeclampsia Is Associated with Decreased Placental Interleukin-6 Production

Scott W. Kauma, MD

Yuping Wang, MD, PhD

Scott W. Walsh, PhD

Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Physiology, the Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia

Objective: The etiology of preeclampsia is poorly understood, but may involve abnormal fetal-matrnal immunologic interactions. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional immunologic cytokine that is normally produced by the placenta during pregnancy. Recent studies have shown that amniotic fluid IL-6 is decreased in pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia. Consequently, this study was designed to test the hypothesis that placental IL-6 production is decreaseed in preeclampsia.

Methods: Placental explants from normal (N = 6) and preeclamptic (N = 6) pregnancies were cultured in vitro, and the media were sampled at 0, 2, 6, 16, 28, and 48 hours. Production rates of IL-6 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and relative IL-6 mRNA expression was measured by Northern and dot blot analyses.

Results: Production rates of IL-6 were 2.3-fold lower in preeclamptic placentas than in normal placentas, at 146 pg/µg/hour versus 341 pg/µg/hour (P < .05). However, relative steady-state IL-6 mRNA expression was identical in preeclamptic and normal placentas.

Conclusions: Placental IL-6 production is decreased in preeclampsia. The decrease in placental IL-6 production and secretion in preeclampsia is regulated by a post-transcriptional mechanism.

Key Words: Preeclampsia • placenta • interleukin-6

Journal of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation, Vol. 2, No. 4, 614-617 (1995)
DOI: 10.1177/107155769500200406
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