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Journal of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation, Vol. 2, No. 5, 663-672 (1995)
DOI: 10.1177/107155769500200501

Abnormal Gene Expression in Uterine Leiomyomas

Janet Andersen, PhD

Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts

Robert L. Barbieri, MD

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, SUNY at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8091; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts

Uterine leiomyomas, benign tumors of myometrial origin, are the most common neoplasms of the uterus and occur in 20-30% of women over 30 years of age. Despite their high prevalence, little is known about the pathophysiology of these tumors. Recently, several studies have compared leiomyoma gene expression with that of normal myometrium. In general, the major differences in leiomyoma and myometrial gene expression are found for estrogen-regulated genes, which have elevated expression in myometrium during pregnancy. The tumors appear to maintain high sensitivity to estrogen during the estroge-dominated follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, unlike normal myometrium. The abnormal gene expression of leiomyomas suggests that they are tumors of dysregulated differentiation and resemble the myometrium of pregnancy in several aspects.

Key Words: Leiomyoma • myometrium • estrogen • progesterone • gene expression


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