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Journal of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation, Vol. 7, No. 1 suppl, S8-S9 (2000)
DOI: 10.1177/107155760000700104

Novel Aspects of Estrogen Action

J.- Å. Gustafsson, MD, PhD

Department of Medical Nutrition, F60 Novum-Huddinge Hospital, S-141 86 Huddinge, Sweden

The discovery of a second estrogen receptor, ER ß, in 1996 introduced a new paradigm in our understanding of estrogen action. ER {alpha} predominates in the uterus and mammary gland, whereas ER ß has significant roles in the central nervous, cardiovascular, and immune systems, urogenital tract, bone, kidney, and lung. ER ß appears to be the only form expressed in the embryonal central nervous system. Photoestrogens may be good candidates for physiologic ligands of ER ß. Coactivator proteins play critical roles in regulating estrogen. Female ER ß-deleted mice (ßERKO) develop follicular arrest and anovulation.

Key Words: Estrogen receptor ß • estrogen receptor {alpha} • ßERKO • coactivator protein


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