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Journal of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation
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Reviews

The Role and Clinical Applications of Bioactive Lysolipids in Ovarian Cancer

Yan Xu, PhD

Department of Cancer Biology Lerner Research Institute and the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Cleveland Clinic Foundation; Department of Chemistry, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44195

Yi-jin Xiao, PhD

Linnea M. Baudhuin, MS

Benjamin M. Schwartz, MD

Department of Cancer Biology Lerner Research Institute and the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Cleveland Clinic Foundation; Department of Chemistry, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio

Objective: To review the current understanding of the role of bioactive lysolipids in ovarian cancer and their potential clinical applications.

Methods: A MEDLINE search and our own work, including some unpublished work, are the major sources of the review. The MEDLINE search terms used included lysophosphatidic acid, lysophophatidylcholine (LPC), lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI), sphingosine-1-phosphate, and sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC).

Results: Elevated lysolipid levels were detected in plasma and ascites samples from patients with ovarian cancer compared with samples from healthy controls or patients with nonmalignant diseases. These lysolipids regulate growth adhesion, production of angiogenic factors, and chemotherapeutic drug resistance in ovarian cancer cells. Ovarian cancer cells were likely to be at least one of the sources for elevated lysolipid levels in the blood and ascites of patients with ovarian cancer.

Conclusions: Bioactive lysolipid levels might be sensitive markers for detecting gynecologic cancers, particularly ovarian cancer. The prognostic value of lysolipids in ascites is worth further investigation. Bioactive lysolipid molecules can affect both the proliferative and metastatic potentials of ovarian cancer cells; therefore, regulation of the production or degradation of these lipids and interception of the interaction between these lipids and their receptors could provide novel and useful preventative or therapeutic measures.

Key Words: Ovarian cancer • bioactive lysolipids • lysophosphatidic acid • diagnosis • clinical management

Journal of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation, Vol. 8, No. 1, 1-13 (2001)
DOI: 10.1177/107155760100800101
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