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Journal of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation
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Autoimmune Ovarian Disease: Mechanism of Induction and Prevention

Kenneth S. K. Tung, MD

Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia kst7k{at}virginia.edu

Kristina M. Garza, PhD

Yahuan Lou, PhD

Harini Bagavant, MD,PhD

Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia

Research on murine autoimmune ovarian disease (AOD) models suggests that the following sequence of events operate in prevention and induction of AOD. Potentially pathogenic T cells for oocyte antigens that exist in normal mice are kept in check by regulatory CD25+ T cells. Oocyte-specific pathogenic T cells are activated when the regulation is lost, as after day 3 thymectomy, or when T cells are stimulated through molecular mimicry. Activated, proinflammatory T cells induce interstitial ovarian inflammation without disruption in ovarian function. Activated T cells also help B cells that respond to endogenous oocyte antigens, to produce oocyte autoantibodies of diversified specificities. Autoantibodies, nonpathogenic in themselves, retarget T cell-mediated inflammation to ovarian follicles resulting in ovarian atrophy and ovarian failure. Future studies should determine the applicability of these findings to human ovarian autoimmunity.

Key Words: Autoimmune disease • ovarian failure • T cell response • autoantibody response

Journal of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation, Vol. 8, No. 1 suppl, S49-S51 (2001)
DOI: 10.1177/107155760100800115
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